01-002 · EVIDENCE A · SOURCE-SENSITIVE
Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap while riding motorcycles or e-bikes
骑摩托车、电动自行车戴头盔并扣好
A helmet costs between 100 and 300 yuan. It takes just 5 seconds to put on each time.
Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap properly reduces a motorcyclist’s risk of dying in an accident by roughly 40%. The chance of suffering a head injury drops by about 70%. The strap must be tightened; a helmet that simply hangs loosely on the head does not count as being worn.
A
Move “Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap while riding motorcycles or e-bikes” to Future Me's calendar
The excuse
There is no immediate alarm, so the sensible choice can wait for a less busy week.
What feels good now
Today I keep a little money, a few minutes and avoid interrupting my default routine.
What the source says
The source summarizes the return this way: “Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap properly reduces a motorcyclist’s risk of dying in an accident by roughly 40%. The chance of suffering a head injury drops by about 70%. The strap must be tightened; a helmet that simply hangs loosely on the head does not count as being worn.” Evidence grade A. The original states the population, caveats, and sources; this is not a personal forecast.
Use the original facts and limits. For an urgent medical, safety, financial, or legal issue, contact a qualified local professional or service.
THE ENGLISH EDITION
Original recommendation and evidence
2. Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap while riding motorcycles or e-bikes
Cost: A helmet costs between 100 and 300 yuan. It takes just 5 seconds to put on each time.
In plain terms: Wearing a helmet and fastening the strap properly reduces a motorcyclist’s risk of dying in an accident by roughly 40%. The chance of suffering a head injury drops by about 70%. The strap must be tightened; a helmet that simply hangs loosely on the head does not count as being worn.
Benefit: Cochrane pooled data from multiple studies. For motorcyclists wearing helmets, the risk of death fell by 42%. The original odds ratio was 0.58, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.50 to 0.68. Head injuries were reduced by 69% (odds ratio 0.31; 95% CI 0.25–0.38).
Evidence grade: A
Sources: Liu BC et al. (2008). Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. <https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004333.pub3>
Notes: The helmet strap must be fastened securely. A helmet left hanging on the handlebars does not count as being worn. The figures above apply specifically to motorcycles. For e-bikes, no direct studies exist, but the mechanics of head injury in a crash remain the same.
Read the complete Chinese source and notes
2. 骑摩托车、电动自行车戴头盔并扣好
成本: 买一顶 100 到 300 元。每次戴上花 5 秒。
说人话: 戴头盔并且把扣带扣好，摩托车骑手出事时死亡的概率低约四成。头部受伤低约七成。扣带要系紧，松松垮垮挂在头上不算戴。
收益: Cochrane 把多项研究合起来一起算。摩托车骑行者戴头盔，死亡风险下降 42%。原值 OR 0.58，可信范围 95% CI 0.50 到 0.68。头部损伤下降 69%（OR 0.31，95% CI 0.25 到 0.38）
证据等级: A
来源: Liu BC 等 (2008). Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. <https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004333.pub3>
备注: 头盔要把扣带扣好，挂在车把上不算戴。上面的数据来自摩托车。电动自行车没有直接研究，是照着推过来的，因为撞上以后头部受伤的方式相同。
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