14-005 · EVIDENCE A · SOURCE-SENSITIVE
If your card is fraudulently used, report it and freeze the card first, then demand compensation from the bank: proving “you made the transaction” is the bank’s responsibility
卡被盗刷先挂失冻结再报警，然后要求银行赔：证明「是你自己刷的」是银行的责任
No cost at all. As soon as you notice anything suspicious on your card statements, immediately report it and freeze the card. Keep all records: police reports, freeze confirmations, and transaction notifications from the bank. If the card is still in your possession, make a small inquiry or deposit nearby to create a record proving you had the card with you at the time of the fraud. The hardest part is resisting the urge to argue with customer service first — always freeze the card first.
If someone fraudulently uses your card, you don’t have to prove “this wasn’t me.” Instead, it’s the bank’s duty to prove the transaction was made by you. If they can’t, they must compensate you. This only applies if you report and freeze the card right away. Delaying this step means you’ll bear any additional losses that occur afterward.
A
Move “If your card is fraudulently used, report it and freeze the card first, then demand compensation from the bank: proving “you made the transaction” is the bank’s responsibility” to Future Me's calendar
The excuse
Future Me has a clearer calendar, more patience, and apparently the same responsibilities.
What feels good now
Today I keep a few minutes, a bit of persistence and avoid interrupting my default routine.
What the source says
The source summarizes the return this way: “If someone fraudulently uses your card, you don’t have to prove “this wasn’t me.” Instead, it’s the bank’s duty to prove the transaction was made by you. If they can’t, they must compensate you. This only applies if you report and freeze the card right away. Delaying this step means you’ll bear any additional losses that occur afterward.” Evidence grade A. The original states the population, caveats, and sources; this is not a personal forecast.
Use the original facts and limits. For an urgent medical, safety, financial, or legal issue, contact a qualified local professional or service.
THE ENGLISH EDITION
Original recommendation and evidence
5. If your card is fraudulently used, report it and freeze the card first, then demand compensation from the bank: proving “you made the transaction” is the bank’s responsibility
Cost: No cost at all. As soon as you notice anything suspicious on your card statements, immediately report it and freeze the card. Keep all records: police reports, freeze confirmations, and transaction notifications from the bank. If the card is still in your possession, make a small inquiry or deposit nearby to create a record proving you had the card with you at the time of the fraud. The hardest part is resisting the urge to argue with customer service first — always freeze the card first.
In plain terms: If someone fraudulently uses your card, you don’t have to prove “this wasn’t me.” Instead, it’s the bank’s duty to prove the transaction was made by you. If they can’t, they must compensate you. This only applies if you report and freeze the card right away. Delaying this step means you’ll bear any additional losses that occur afterward.
Benefit: Supreme Court rulings clearly define who must provide evidence. If you claim the transaction resulted from counterfeit card fraud or online fraud, you must first gather proof — such as official legal documents, records showing where the card was physically located at the time, transaction logs, notifications, police reports, and freeze confirmations. Conversely, if the issuing bank or any third‑party payment service insists the transaction was authorized by you, they must produce evidence to support that claim. If, after you notify the bank, it fails to verify the transaction promptly or to preserve transaction records and surveillance footage, the bank bears the consequences of lacking proof. Once proven, debit‑card holders may demand full reimbursement of stolen funds plus compensation for any losses; credit‑card users may request a refund of all unauthorized charges, interest, and penalties, and courts will reject any demand that the cardholder repay those amounts. You may also ask the bank to promptly remove any resulting negative credit entries (effective 25 May 2021).
Evidence grade: A
Notes: There are two situations where you remain liable. First, if you fail to protect your card, PIN, or verification codes — in other words, if you neglect your duty to safeguard them — you’ll bear part of the loss. Keep your PIN secret and never share verification codes (see Item 1; two‑factor authentication via phone alerts is preferred). Second, if you delay reporting and freezing the card, any extra losses incurred afterward are your responsibility. Hence, the very first step is always to freeze the card — don’t waste time arguing with customer service first. These rules also apply to third‑party payment services. If such a service advertises “immediate compensation” with clear terms, you may demand payment from them. If you were tricked into transferring money, that falls under a separate procedure; see Item 8.2: call 110 or 96110 immediately to request a stop‑payment order.
Sources: Supreme People's Court of China (2021). Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Bank Card Civil Dispute Cases (Articles 4, 5, 7, 14, and 15). <https://www.court.gov.cn/fabu/xiangqing/304771.html>
Read the complete Chinese source and notes
5. 卡被盗刷先挂失冻结再报警，然后要求银行赔：证明「是你自己刷的」是银行的责任
成本: 不花钱。发现卡上有不对劲的动静，立刻挂失或者冻结。把报警记录、挂失记录、银行发来的交易通知都留着。卡还在自己身上的，就近做一笔小额查询或者存取，留下记录证明出事的时候真卡在你手上。难的是要忍住别先跟客服争论，先挂失。
说人话: 卡被人盗刷，不用你去证明「这不是我刷的」。反过来，是银行要拿出证据证明这笔是你本人刷的，拿不出就得赔你。前提是你一发现就挂失冻结。拖着不挂失，后面多出来的损失要自己承担。
收益: 最高法的规定把「谁来拿证据」分开了。你说这是伪卡盗刷或者网络盗刷，要先拿证据。伪卡盗刷就是卡被人复制了一张去刷。这些都能用来证明：已经生效的法律文书、银行卡交易时真卡在哪里、交易发生在哪里。还有账户交易明细、交易通知、报警记录、挂失记录等等。**反过来，发卡银行、非银行支付机构（第三方支付）说这笔是持卡人本人刷的、或者是经他授权刷的，要由它们拿出证据**。你告知银行之后，银行没及时核实，或者没及时提供、保存交易单据和监控录像，证据因此拿不到的，拿不出证据的后果由银行承担。认定成立以后：借记卡（储蓄卡）持卡人，可以要求发卡银行把被盗刷的存款本息付给你，并赔偿损失。信用卡持卡人，可以要求退回被扣走的透支款本息和违约金，并赔偿损失；银行反过来要你还这笔透支款的，法院不予支持。你还可以要求发卡银行及时撤销相应的不良征信记录（全国，2021 年 5 月 25 日起施行）
证据等级: A
来源: 最高人民法院 (2021). 关于审理银行卡民事纠纷案件若干问题的规定（第四、五、七、十四、十五条）. <https://www.court.gov.cn/fabu/xiangqing/304771.html>
备注: 有两种情形要你自己担责。一是银行卡、密码、验证码这些东西你没保管好，自己有过错（原文是「未尽妥善保管义务具有过错」），错多少担多少。所以密码不告诉别人，验证码不转发给别人（见第 1 条，二次验证优先用手机弹窗确认）。二是没及时挂失，让损失接着扩大，多出来那部分自己承担。所以第一步永远是挂失冻结，别先打客服争论。第三方支付机构也适用这套规则。它的宣传资料里写了「先行赔付」，而且承诺得具体明确的，可以照着要求它先赔。钱是你被人骗着自己转出去的，要走另一套办法，见第 8 节第 2 条（发现被骗立刻打 110 或 96110 要求止付）。
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